Just like batteries individual cells are stacked to achieve a higher voltage and power.
Hydrogen fuel cell dimensions.
Fuel cell systems can be designed at nominal voltages of 0 8 v per cell or higher if the correct design materials operating conditions balance of plant and electronics are selected.
Typical polarization curve for a pem fuel cell stack.
Most fuel cell developers use a nominal voltage of 0 6 to 0 7 v at nominal power.
This assembly of cells is called a fuel cell stack or just a stack.
A fuel cell is composed of an anode cathode and an electrolyte membrane.
Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen usually from air to sustain the chemical reaction whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes.
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel often hydrogen and an oxidizing agent often oxygen into electricity through a pair of redox reactions.
A typical fuel cell works by passing hydrogen through the anode of a fuel cell and oxygen through the cathode.
Fuel cells do not need to be periodically recharged like batteries but instead continue to produce electricity as long as a fuel source is provided.
It can deliver dc power or can be combined with an inverter or ups for ac power.
A single fuel cell consists of a membrane electrode assembly mea and two flow field plates delivering about 0 5 and 1v voltage too low for most applications.
Extended range the hydrogen fuel cell can extend the range of a battery electric bus by up to 300 miles on a single refueling and requires no off board electric.